Changes in the Civil Code and the Code of Civil Procedure in 2025: Impacts and Perspectives

The year 2025 marks a period of significant updates in Brazilian Civil and Civil Procedure Law. The recent modifications to the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) and the proposals for reforming the Civil Code aim to modernize legal institutions, adapt the rules to new social realities, and ensure greater efficiency in judicial services. This article analyzes the main changes implemented and discusses their practical implications, providing an overview of interest to legal practitioners.

Civil Law and Civil Procedure are branches of the legal system that require constant revision to meet the dynamic nature of social and procedural relationships.

In 2025, there is a notable legislative movement focused on updating these codes, with changes that directly impact both private relationships and judicial procedures.

These modifications are partly adjustments to the established jurisprudence, but they also represent the evolution of the law and its need to adapt to new social and technological realities.

1. Changes in the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) in 2025

The main alterations to the CPC include:

Law n. 14.939/2024: Establishes that if the appellant does not prove the occurrence of a local holiday for the extension of the appeal deadline, the court must allow for the correction of this defect before declaring the appeal untimely.

Law n. 14.833/2024: Changed the calculation of procedural deadlines, establishing that, in deadlines set in days, only business days should be considered, except when the deadline is determined in hours.

Law n. 14.976/2024: Reaffirmed the competence of the Special Civil Courts to adjudicate claims provided for in the former Article 275, item II, of the 1973 CPC, eliminating divergent interpretations regarding the possibility of such claims in the Special Civil Courts.

These changes, in addition to formalizing interpretations already adopted by the jurisprudence, respond to the need to make civil proceedings more agile and adapted to the current demands of society.

2. Changes in the Civil Code in 2025

Although the new Civil Code is still under discussion, some reform proposals are already generating expectations within the legal community. Bill No. 4/2025 was filed in the Senate, aiming to modernize essential institutions of Private Law. Among the main points under debate are:

Update of Family and Succession Law: Proposals for greater flexibility in property regimes, the inclusion of new forms of common-law marriage, and a revision of inheritance rules.

Regulation of Contracts and New Technologies: Integration of specific provisions for electronic contracts and the application of artificial intelligence in Contract Law.

Civil Liability: Expansion of the circumstances for liability for collective moral damages and a review of indemnity parameters.

Real Rights: New guidelines for land regularization and the adaptation of rules on property in urban and rural condominiums.

3. Impacts and Challenges of the Changes

The reform of the Civil Code and the modifications to the CPC represent advances in Brazilian legislation, promoting greater legal certainty, procedural speed, and adaptation to new social realities. However, these changes also bring challenges, such as the need for legal practitioners' training, adjustments in jurisprudential interpretations, and the adaptation of the judiciary system to absorb the new normative dynamics.

Conclusion

The changes in the Civil Code and the CPC in 2025 are a reflection of the evolution of Brazilian law, seeking greater effectiveness and alignment with social and technological transformations.

The implementation of these new rules will require a joint effort between the legislative, judicial, and legal professionals to ensure a smooth and efficient transition to the new regulatory context.